CLEANER TRANSPORTATION OF ENERGY

MARPOL-VI Phase 3 Requirements, EEDI ( Energy Efficiency Design Index) requires
1. Fuel Sampling & Testing
2.Testing
Implementation date 01 APRIL 2022
Regulation 23,25,28
Implementation date 01 NOVEMBER 2022, Article 328/71

Carbon Intensity Indicator

                                              CO₂ EMMISION
                                  CII =  -----------------
                                              TRANSPORT WORK
The CARBON INTENSITY INDICATOR (CII) is a measure of how efficiently a ship transports goods or passengers and is given in grams of CO2 emitted per cargo-Carrying capacity and nautical miles. Applies to ALL Ships above 5000 GRT of the following ship types: Bulk Carriers, Gas Carriers, Tankers, Container Ships, General cargo Vessels, Ro-Ro passenger vessels and cruise ships.

1 June 2022

Adopted by MEPC 75: 
Amendments to BWM Convention

• Amendments to the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments, 2004 (BWM Convention), concerning commissioning testing of ballast water management systems and the form of the International Ballast Water Management Certificate.

1 June 2022 - IMDG Code 40-20

Adopted by MSC 102:

• Amendments to the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code) (amendment 40-20) related to segregation requirements for alcoholates; segregation in relation to liquid organic substances; classification and transport of carbon, following incidents involving the spontaneous ignition of charcoal; classification of UN portable tanks for multimodal transport; and provisions for labels.

1 November 2022 - carbon intensity indicator (CII) and CII rating

Adopted by MEPC 76

• Entry into force of  Revised MARPOL Annex VI  - including carbon intensity measures (requirements for ships to calculate their Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI) following technical means to improve their energy efficiency and to establish their annual operational carbon intensity indicator (CII) and CII rating - read more)
• Entry into force of amendments to MARPOL Annex I (addition of a new regulation 43A) to introduce a prohibition on the use and carriage for use as fuel of heavy fuel oil (HFO) by ships in Arctic waters on and after 1 July 2024. The prohibition will cover the use and carriage for use as fuel of oils having a density at 15°C higher than 900 kg/m3 or a kinematic viscosity at 50°C higher than 180 mm2/s. Ships engaged in securing the safety of ships, or in search and rescue operations, and ships dedicated to oil spill preparedness and response would be exempted. Ships which meet certain construction standards with regard to oil fuel tank protection would need to comply on and after 1 July 2029. A Party to MARPOL with a coastline bordering Arctic waters may temporarily waive the requirements for ships flying its flag while operating in waters subject to that Party's sovereignty or jurisdiction, up to 1 July 2029.
• Entry into force of amendments to  MARPOL Annexes I and IV concerning the exemption of UNSP barges from survey and certification requirements. The amendment specifies that the Administration may exempt a UNSP barge from the annual survey and certification requirements, for a period not exceeding 5 years provided that the UNSP barge has undergone a survey to confirm that certain conditions are met. The amendments also provide the form for the International Oil Pollution Exemption Certificate for Unmanned Non-self-propelled Barges.
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1 January 2023 MARPOL carbon intensity measures including CII

Entry into effect of carbon intensity measures including CII (read more)

• On or before 1 January 2023, the Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) shall include methodology for calculating the ship's attained annual operational CII and the required annual operational CII.
• Operational CII - After the end of calendar year 2023 and after the end of each following calendar year, each ship of 5,000 gross tonnage and above, shall calculate the attained annual operational CII over a 12-month period from 1 January to 31 December for the preceding calendar year.
• The Attained annual operational CII shall be documented and verified against the required annual operational CII to determine operational carbon intensity rating A, B, C, D or E, indicating a major superior, minor superior, moderate, minor inferior, or inferior performance level, either by the Administration or by any organization duly authorized by it.
• A ship rated D for 3 consecutive years or rated as E shall develop a plan of corrective actions to achieve the required annual operational CII. 

1 January 2023 - STCW / ESP

Adopted by MSC 103:

• Amendments  to International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW), adding the definition of "high-voltage" in STCW regulation I/1.
• Amendments to section A-I/1 of the STCW Code, including the capacity "electro-technical officer" in the definition of "operational level", as a consequential amendment to the introduction of this capacity as part of the 2010 Manila Amendments. 
• Amendments to the International Code on the Enhanced Programme of Inspections during Surveys of Bulk Carriers and Oil Tankers, 2011 (ESP Code), relating to thickness measurements at the first renewal survey of double hull oil tanker.

1 January 2023
Adopted by MEPC 76: AFS
 

• Amendments to the IMO Convention for the Control of Harmful Anti-fouling Systems on Ships (AFS Convention), to include controls on the biocide cybutryne. Ships shall not apply or re-apply anti-fouling systems containing this substance from 1 January 2023. Ships shall remove or apply a coating to AFS with this substance at the next scheduled renewal of the anti-fouling system after 1 January 2023, but no later than 60 months following the last application to the ship of an anti-fouling system containing cybutryne.

1 November 2023 MARPOL Annex II
Adopted by MEPC 78:
 

• MARPOL Annex II, updating the abbreviated legend to the revised GESAMP Hazard Evaluation Procedure.

1 December 2023 - IMSBC Code
Adopted by MSC 105:

• Updates to the International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes (IMSBC) Code, to include new definitions (including an updated definition for group A cargoes), references and requirements for cargoes which may undergo dynamic separation. Section 7 will be amended to cover cargoes which may liquefy or undergo dynamic separation. The section aims to bring attention to the risks associated with liquefaction or dynamic separation and the precautions to minimize the risk. This follows research by the Global Bauxite Working Group, which identified a new phenomenon affecting some bauxite cargoes, known as dynamic separation, which can cause instability of cargo and ship. Other IMSBC Code amendments relate to updates to individual schedules and new individual schedules. Contracting Governments to the SOLAS Convention are invited to apply them from 1 January 2023 on a voluntary basis.

1 January 2024 - SOLAS amendments  - modernized GMDSS
Adopted by MSC 105:

• Following a comprehensive review of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS), the MSC adopted a set of amendments to complete the work on modernization of the GMDSS and to enable the future use of modern communication systems in the GMDSS whilst removing obsolete requirements. The amendments are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2024. They include amendments to SOLAS chapters II-1, III, IV and V, and the appendix (Certificates); the 1988 SOLAS Protocol; the 1994 and 2000 HSC Codes; the 1983 and 2008 SPS Codes; and the 1979, 1989 and 2009 MODU Codes.  The MSC also adopted a substantial number of amendments or revisions to existing related resolutions and guidelines, including performance standards for relevant equipment. The amendments and related resolutions and guidelines were approved at the MSC 104 session.

1 January 2024 - SOLAS records of equipment, FSS code, IGF code, LSA code
Adopted by MSC 101:

• Amendments to the appendix to the annex to the 1974 SOLAS, concerning the addition of a footnote to Forms C, E and P in the Records of Equipment. 
• Amendments to chapter 15 of the International Code for Fire Safety Systems (FSS Code), relating to inert gas systems. 
• Amendments to parts A and A-1 of the International Code of Safety for Ships using Gases or other Low-flashpoint Fuels (IGF Code), including those relating to regulations on loading limit for liquefied gas fuel tanks, regulations for fuel distribution outside of machinery space, regulations for internal combustion engines of piston type and fire protection for fuel storage hold space; and amendments relating to the protection of the fuel supply for liquefied gas fuel tanks, aimed at preventing explosions. 
• Amendments to chapters IV and VI of the International Life-Saving Appliance Code (LSA Code), relating to general requirements for lifeboats and launching and embarkation appliances.  

Adopted by MSC 102: safe mooring  

• Amendments to chapter II-1 of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), related to towing and mooring. The amendments to SOLAS regulation II-1/3-8 (Towing and mooring equipment), require appropriate and safe-to-use designs of mooring arrangements, and introduce a maintenance and inspection regime, as well as proper documentation. Related  guidelines were also adopted, covering the design of mooring arrangements and the selection of appropriate mooring equipment and fittings for safe mooring; and inspection and maintenance of mooring equipment including lines; as well as revised guidance on shipboard towing and mooring equipment. 
• Amendments to parts B-1, B-2 and B-4 of SOLAS chapter II-1 related to watertight integrity requirements. The amendments are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2024.
• Amendments to the International Code of Safety for Ships using Gases or other Low-flashpoint Fuels (IGF Code),  related to the fuel containment systems, fire safety, welding of metallic materials and non-destructive testing.
• Amendments to the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC Code), related to welding procedure tests for cargo tanks and process pressure vessels.

Adopted by MSC 103:

• New SOLAS regulation II-1/25-1, requiring water level detectors on multiple hold cargo ships other than bulk carriers and tankers.
• Amendments to SOLAS regulation III/33 and the LSA Code, aiming to remove the applicability of the requirements to launch free-fall lifeboats to test their strength with the ship making headway at speeds up to 5 knots in calm water on cargo ships of 20,000 GT and above.
• Chapter 9 of the International Code for Fire Safety Systems (FSS Code), relating to fault isolation requirements for individually identifiable fire detector systems installed, in lieu of section identifiable fire detector systems on cargo ships and passenger ship cabin balconies; and clarifying the acceptability of less complex and costly section identifiable fault isolation for individually identifiable fire detector system on cabin balconies; and clarifying the acceptability of less complex and costly section identifiable fault isolation for individually identifiable fire detector systems.

Adopted by MSC 104:

• A minor amendment to chapter II (Conditions of assignment of freeboard), as well as amendments to chapter III (Freeboards) of annex I (Regulations for determining load lines) of Annex B to the 1988 Load Lines Protocol, concerning watertight doors on cargo ships, and associated amendments concerning watertight doors on cargo ships to chapter 2 (Ship survival capability and location of cargo tanks) of the International Code of the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC Code). 

Adopted by MSC 105:

• Updates to the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code, in line with the updates to the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, which set the recommendations for all transport modes. Contracting Governments to the SOLAS Convention are invited to apply the amendments from 1 January 2023 on a voluntary basis.

1 January 2024 MARPOL

Adopted by MEPC 78:

• MARPOL Annex I in relation to watertight doors. 

1 July 2024 MARPOL HFO in Arctic waters prohibition

Adopted by MEPC 76

• Entry into effect of amendments to MARPOL Annex I (addition of a new regulation 43A) to introduce a prohibition on the use and carriage for use as fuel of heavy fuel oil (HFO) by ships in Arctic waters on and after 1 July 2024. The prohibition will cover the use and carriage for use as fuel of oils having a density at 15°C higher than 900 kg/m3 or a kinematic viscosity at 50°C higher than 180 mm2/s. Ships engaged in securing the safety of ships, or in search and rescue operations, and ships dedicated to oil spill preparedness and response would be exempted. Ships which meet certain construction standards with regard to oil fuel tank protection would need to comply on and after 1 July 2029. A Party to MARPOL with a coastline bordering Arctic waters may temporarily waive the requirements for ships flying its flag while operating in waters subject to that Party's sovereignty or jurisdiction, up to 1 July 2029.

1 July 2024 - IBC Code Adopted by MEPC 78:

• Amendements to International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk (IBC Code) related to watertight doors

                                                                               
                                                            Conventions
List of Conventions Status of Conventions Action Dates

The Navigation Skills Assessment Program (NSAP) is a Risk-based measurement tool to assess a mariner's performance in the Simulator, Focuses specifically on the core skills required of licensed deck officers as defined by International Standards and Industry best practices.

In Maritime Education and Training (MET) where students are trained for professions with high standards of safety, the use of simulators is taken to provide opportunities for safe and cost-effective training. Although the use of simulators for training and certifying technical proficiency and so-called nontechnical skills is well established and regulated by international standards, previous research suggests that simulator-based assessment has been poorly implemented in the MET system. Now the challenge is to contribute with knowledge about how to conduct consistent, unbiased, and transparent assessments of navigational skills and competencies. However, in current research it is not evident how training of nontechnical skills in simulated environments should be assessed. The aim of this study is to explore the pedagogical challenges instructors face when assessing students’ navigational skills and competencies in a simulated environment. The study is based on video-recorded data from the certification part in a navigation course for second year master mariner students. A situated approach to cognition and learning is employed to analyze the co-construction of assessment in the simulated exercises by means of instructors’ questions and students’ answers. Results reveal an assessment practice where the students are still developing their navigational skills with instructional support from examiners whilst being certified on using Radar equipment in accordance to COLREG.

MEOSAR

MEOSAR Constellation, GPS-DASS (S-band), GLONASS K

Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP)
Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI)
The Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) is an operational measure that establishes a mechanism to improve the energy efficiency of a ship in a cost-effective manner.

As low as reasonably practicable may not be enough in my countries Safety laws. There need to be more barriers and regulatory requirement in various Jurisdiction.
ALARP, or ALARA, is a principle in the regulation and management of safety-critical and safety-involved systems. The principle is that the residual risk shall be reduced as far as reasonably practicable. In UK and NZ Health and Safety law, it is equivalent to SFAIRP.